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篇1

[關(guān)鍵詞]英語散文 寫作能力 經(jīng)典

[中圖分類號]H315 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼]A [文章編號]1009-5349（2016）22-0192-02

散文，是一個熟悉而難于籠統(tǒng)下定義的概念。對其定義，黃源深教授認(rèn)為散文根據(jù)其所包含的內(nèi)容有三種劃分?！耙皇菑V義的‘散文’，英語中的prose，包括除詩歌之外的一切體裁；二是較廣義的‘散文’，它在英語中找不到一個相對等的詞。如果把廣義的散文中的小說與戲劇劃出去，余下的部分即為較廣義的散文所包含的內(nèi)容；三是狹義的‘散文’，即英語中的essay。從內(nèi)容上來看，essay既指那些由一件小事生發(fā)開去，信筆寫來，意到筆隨，揭示出微言大義的“隨筆”，也指“議論時政、評價文學(xué)現(xiàn)象的氣勢宏偉、洋洋灑灑的政論和文論”。①

本文所指的散文，就是第三種劃分，即通常意義上的“隨筆”，它具有題材廣泛，文章短小精悍，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，用詞精煉，說理性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。英國文學(xué)史上，培根等人的隨筆堪稱佳作中的典范，他許多作品中的名言警句在英語學(xué)習(xí)者中廣為傳誦，他的散文簡潔流暢，論述精辟，重點(diǎn)突出，富有哲理。

一、讀英語散文的作用

一般來說，大多數(shù)英語散文內(nèi)容豐富，語言優(yōu)美，風(fēng)格迥異，可讀性強(qiáng)。閱讀英語散文能夠增長智慧，還可以感受其中所蘊(yùn)含的豐富而深刻的哲理。具體說來，有如下作用：

（一）有助于提高英語學(xué)習(xí)者的寫作能力

閱讀散文對提高英語學(xué)習(xí)者的寫作水平非常有益。目前，無論是英語專業(yè)還是非英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生，寫作對于他們來說，一直是聽說讀寫這四種語言技能中難于掌握的一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。如何有效提高學(xué)生的書面英語表達(dá)能力，已成為廣大英語教師關(guān)注并探討的熱點(diǎn)問題之一，也是擺在他們面前亟待解決的問題。到了大學(xué)階段，學(xué)生的英文寫作水平已經(jīng)有了相應(yīng)的提高。針對給定話題來表達(dá)自己的想法似乎不成問題。可事實(shí)證明，效果往往不盡如人意，學(xué)生的寫作還存在以下一些問題：

一是寫的文章雖然成型，但是語言平淡，內(nèi)容空洞，幾乎找不到內(nèi)涵豐富的詞語。句與句之間、段與段之間的銜接過渡還存在著一些問題；二是部分學(xué)生對英漢思維方式的差異掌握得還不到位，寫作中沒有養(yǎng)成用英語構(gòu)思的習(xí)慣，多數(shù)按漢語的思維方式去寫作。還有個別學(xué)生的英文寫作幾乎就是中文的機(jī)械翻譯，通篇中式英語頻繁出現(xiàn)。平時習(xí)作出現(xiàn)的這些問題也直接反映在本科畢業(yè)論文的撰寫之中。一般說來，6000字左右的畢業(yè)論文對大多數(shù)學(xué)生來說是一個很大的挑戰(zhàn)。畢業(yè)論文寫作存在的問題主要表現(xiàn)在觀點(diǎn)不夠明確，結(jié)構(gòu)松散，語言表述不夠凝練，描述性的句子較多，而分析論證的方法和力度明顯不足，說理性不強(qiáng)，材料的堆砌羅列比較常見等方面。

如何彌補(bǔ)寫作中出現(xiàn)的上述不足引起了廣大英語教師或研究者的關(guān)注，大家提出的許多方法富有成效，但筆者認(rèn)為，比起閱讀其他文學(xué)體裁，閱讀散文不失為一個正確的選擇，因?yàn)椤罢Z言要有輸入才有輸出，只有大量的輸入才能確保一定量的輸出。只有經(jīng)典語言的輸入才能保證輸出語言的質(zhì)量和品位。經(jīng)典英語的輸入、模仿、內(nèi)化是提高英語習(xí)作水平的根本途徑”。②散文中詞語的選擇，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的布局，排比、對比、隱喻等修辭手法的運(yùn)用，對某一話題客觀冷靜的分析，獨(dú)特的文體風(fēng)格等對提高學(xué)生的語言運(yùn)用能力能起到極大的促進(jìn)作用。李賦寧說：“我的英語表達(dá)能力從這些淺易的英文作品里吸取了豐富的營養(yǎng)，幫助我形成了通暢、明晰的英文文體?！雹壑T多前人以其親身經(jīng)歷證明了自然流暢的英語散文閱讀對英語寫作水平的提高效果顯著。

（二）有助于提高英語學(xué)習(xí)者的文化素養(yǎng)

文化素養(yǎng)的提高可以有許多途徑，但大量成功的教學(xué)案例表明閱讀英語散文是最直接、最有效的方法之一。首先，閱讀英語散文有利于英語學(xué)習(xí)者領(lǐng)略英美文化的魅力。散文形式自如、形散而神不散，它所闡述的道理能給讀者提供借鑒或啟迪。其次，閱讀英語散文有助于提升英語學(xué)習(xí)者的興趣。散文中貼近生活的內(nèi)容，真摯情感的抒發(fā)，都能激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)者的閱讀興趣，拓寬其視野，提高其對社會、對人生的認(rèn)識。最后，散文閱讀能夠讓學(xué)習(xí)者感受英語語言的美妙。散文語言優(yōu)美流暢是其他文體所不能替代的，仔細(xì)品讀散文中的經(jīng)典語言，感悟其中深刻的寓意，耐人尋味。

二、閱讀英語散文的方法

（一）選取經(jīng)典散文

了解英語散文對英語學(xué)習(xí)的作用之后，需強(qiáng)調(diào)的是英語散文的選取也是一門學(xué)問，閱讀材料選好了將起到事半功倍的效果。英語散文的閱讀一定要根據(jù)自己的興趣來選擇文本，如對人物傳記感興趣，可以選擇像普魯塔克的《希臘羅馬名人傳》這類的英語散文范例；如果側(cè)重謀篇布局、論證的方法和精煉的語言，培根的《隨筆集》非常有幫助，尤其是他的《談讀書》。無論哪個版本的英國文學(xué)教材，該隨筆都被收錄其中。其中有許多關(guān)于知識、關(guān)于人生的名言警句，大多數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)者都耳熟能詳。除此之外，英語散文閱讀文本的選擇還要根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)者自身的實(shí)際情況選擇恰當(dāng)難度的英語散文。對于語言基礎(chǔ)較差的學(xué)習(xí)者來說選擇較高難度的文本，無疑會打消其閱讀的積極性。

（二）注重篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

在英語散文的閱讀中，把握文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)很重要。通常認(rèn)為結(jié)構(gòu)是文章的“骨骼”，用黃源深教授的話說，有的散文呈蛛網(wǎng)狀，有的呈輻射狀，有的呈直線型，有的呈圓形。無論哪一種類型的散文都有其對應(yīng)的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，英語學(xué)習(xí)者閱讀時應(yīng)把握作者的思路，注意文章開篇如何引出要闡述的問題、中間如何承上啟下、結(jié)尾是如何總結(jié)上文，點(diǎn)明主題等技巧。英語學(xué)習(xí)者要善于辨別文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是先總后分，還是先分后總；作者對相關(guān)材料是如何進(jìn)行精心的組織和周密的安排，文章如何做到首尾呼應(yīng)等。只有對上述問題做到心中有數(shù)，方能更好地把握文章的脈絡(luò)，進(jìn)而對作者要表達(dá)的思想有全面充分的理解。

（三）學(xué)習(xí)論證方法

英語散文在說理論辯方面別具一格。閱讀英語散文時，要認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會散文中所運(yùn)用的論證方法，因?yàn)槌橄笏季S和邏輯推理往往是英語學(xué)習(xí)者相對薄弱之處。散文主要通過描述法、類比法、歸納法、演繹法等方法來闡明主旨，增強(qiáng)說服力。閱讀時學(xué)習(xí)這些論證方法對學(xué)習(xí)者的英文寫作有很大幫助。以“通過對具體例證或?qū)崜?jù)進(jìn)行分析討論，概括總結(jié)出一般性結(jié)論的邏輯推理”的歸納法為例④，這種方法運(yùn)用于英語散文創(chuàng)作通常是先引出話題，進(jìn)而展開論述，最后水到渠成，概括總結(jié)全文。閱讀時需注意散文不同的論證方法，在寫作時就會避免出現(xiàn)諸如段落之間的銜接，缺乏過渡語言，邏輯性不強(qiáng)，層次不夠分明等問題。

（四）模仿背誦經(jīng)典句式

在閱讀英語散文時讀者還需注意對一些經(jīng)典的句式進(jìn)行有意的模仿，必要時可以做筆記，記下優(yōu)美句子，并記憶內(nèi)化。模仿經(jīng)典句式有益于鍛煉學(xué)習(xí)者的篇章策略，所謂篇章策略是指“篇章作者在篇章生產(chǎn)中根據(jù)交際目的對篇章所作的總體決策和選擇，是作者判斷選擇以何種方式，在什么程度上最好的服務(wù)于語言交際目的所做出的自覺的、理性的、有目的的權(quán)衡和取舍”⑤由此可見，閱讀散文時，經(jīng)典句式的模仿、理解和內(nèi)化對學(xué)習(xí)者英文寫作有很大作用。長此以往，寫出符合英語思維習(xí)慣的英語文章便不再是一件難事，而且寫出來的文章往往也是一氣呵成、渾然天成。

（五）學(xué)習(xí)散文中的修辭手法

為了增強(qiáng)文章的說理性和感染力，抑或是為了便于讀者理解所闡述內(nèi)容，作者經(jīng)常會運(yùn)用一些修辭手法來增強(qiáng)文章的效果。最常見的修辭手法之一應(yīng)該是比喻，以培根的《談讀書》為例，“Some books are to be tasted，others to be swallowed， and some few to be chewed and digested……”，在這句話中，作者把讀書比作進(jìn)食東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)有些書只須讀其中的某些部分，有些只須大體涉獵，而少數(shù)則須全讀，該比喻非常生動形象，而且說理性很強(qiáng)。英國18世紀(jì)塞繆爾?約翰遜博士在《致吉士菲爾德伯爵的一封信中》中有這樣一段話：“The shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love， and found him a native of the Rocks.Is not a Patron， my Lord， one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water， and， when he has reached ground， encumbers him with help？”第一句話既是一個典故，又是一個暗喻，喻指伯爵鐵石心腸，對作者當(dāng)初的求助無動于衷；第二句諷刺了伯爵當(dāng)初拒絕資助作者編撰辭典，然而當(dāng)作者的辭典即將問世時，他卻希望作者承認(rèn)他是辭典的贊助人。因而作者說“當(dāng)有人落水，他袖手旁觀；當(dāng)此人上岸時，他卻伸手相助。這樣的人，還堪稱恩人嗎？”作者用這樣一個反問句，以及微妙的類比，筆鋒犀利地諷刺了伯爵的虛偽自私，發(fā)泄了自己的悲憤。諸如此類的修辭手法在散文中很常見，閱讀時應(yīng)引起注意，這也是寫作中值得借鑒的方法。

綜上所述，英語散文以其在語言、結(jié)構(gòu)、文體等方面的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢為廣大英語學(xué)習(xí)者所喜愛。閱讀英語散文能夠提高學(xué)習(xí)者的思辨能力和邏輯推理能力以及語篇的駕馭能力。但是由于思想觀念、文化習(xí)俗等方面的不同，對待英語散文我們要進(jìn)行批判性閱讀及客觀分析，取其精華，去其糟粕，要具備這種甄別能力；其次，透過散文來提高英語寫作能力和增強(qiáng)文化素養(yǎng)不是短時間內(nèi)形成的，要持之以恒方能見成效；再次，模仿背誦經(jīng)典句式固然重要，但更重要的是要有自己的創(chuàng)新能力。要勤于思考，著力培養(yǎng)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。常言道，“讀書破萬卷，下筆如有神”，只有多讀多寫，才能提高對語言的敏感度，增強(qiáng)語感。總之，高效率的散文閱讀要求學(xué)習(xí)者不但有閱讀散文的意識，而且要選擇適合自己的散文材料，更要掌握恰當(dāng)?shù)拈喿x方法。只有這樣，才能攻克聽說讀寫這四種語言技能中最難于掌握的一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容――英文寫作，進(jìn)而提高英語學(xué)習(xí)者的語言綜合能力。

注釋：

①黃源深.英國散文選讀[M].上海：上海外語教育出版社，2007.

②劉可紅.基于經(jīng)典英語模仿的大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)最簡策略[J].天津外國語大學(xué)學(xué)報，2011（05）：67.

③陳羽綸.識途篇[M].北京：商務(wù)印書館，1999：149.

④張愛卿.大學(xué)英語寫作漫談[J].大學(xué)英語學(xué)報，1999.

⑤姚明發(fā).篇章特征與英語寫作教學(xué)[J].江西教育學(xué)院學(xué)報，2001（08）.

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

[1]郭鑫.基于合作W習(xí)理論的英語散文課程教學(xué)[J].牡丹江教育學(xué)院學(xué)報，2015（05）.

[2]蔣顯文，王玲.評點(diǎn)英語散文培養(yǎng)英專學(xué)生的思維和論證能力[J].懷化學(xué)院學(xué)報，2012（01）.

[3]王海嘯.大數(shù)據(jù)時代的大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)改革[J].現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育研究，2014（03）.

篇2

We were sitting in the classroom quietly, waiting for the invigilator. We were anxious to get the examination paper and see whether it was easy or difficult.

The invigilator came into the classroom. He first looked around. Then he counted the papers. We could only hear the papersfricative. I had a look at my watch. We would be examined in eight minutes. I felt a bit nervous. I thought to myself,Will the exam be easy or difficult? Will the last question be very hard for me to work out?The invigilator began to deliver us the papers. I had been ready. As soon as I got the paper, I began to write quickly. At this, the invigilator said loudly,You cant write until the bell rings.I felt sorry for that. I watched the hands of the clock and thought hard. I counted quietly,four minutes, three minutes, two minutes,thirty seconds, twenty-five secondsDing The bell rang. We picked up our pens and began to write quietly.

What a long time we had been waiting!

[關(guān)于初三英語作文：Waiting]：

篇3

我是一名小學(xué)生。我每天星期一到星期五都要去學(xué)校。每天早晨我都是快速地喝牛奶、吃面包來作為早餐。我喜歡在面包上蘸草莓醬。

I don t have lunch at the school canteen. I like to have a sandwich, an apple or a bar of chocolate for lunch.

我不在學(xué)校飯?zhí)贸晕绮?。我午餐喜歡吃一片三明治，一個蘋果或者一塊巧克力。

Dinner is usually nice with my family together. My mother likes to cook some beef or chicken, vegetables, and some fruit salad. After dinner, I have some ice cream. It s delicious.

篇4

初三英語作文

An Accident

意外之禍

It was Saturday. Mr, Li was going to go fishing.He put a fishing pole on his shoulder. His dogs were running after him.

But he forgot there was something wrong with his bike, and he hadn't mended it.He was so excited that he couldn't watch buses and ears carefully.Suddenly, a truck was coming and he didn't notice.He was hit by the truck and he threw away the pole. His bike was broken and a lump appeared on his forehead.

那是個星期六，李先生打算去釣魚。他肩上扛著魚桿，愛犬在后面跟隨。

但他忘了他的自行車有毛病，還沒修理。他特別興奮，沒注意來往車輛。突然一輛大卡車開過來，他沒看見。他被撞著了， 魚桿扔了，自行車也壞了，前額還起了個大包。

Working for My Mother

為媽媽打工

The summer vacation began. I decided to work to make money for the next term.

But I didn't know what work I could do.At that time, my mother was writing a book.I decided to type for her for pay. She agreed and paid me 5 yuan for 1000 words.

I began to work.I typed so slowly that I could type only several hundred words a day.It was a hard job for me.I kept typing all day long.

I finished the work two weeks later.I came to know how hard it was to make money.

暑假開始了，我決定打工為下學(xué)期掙些錢。

但我不知道我能做什么工作。那時，媽媽在寫一本書。我想為她有償打字，她同意了，答應(yīng)每千字付我5元錢。 我開始工作。我打字很慢，每天才能打幾百字。對我來說這是一項(xiàng)辛苦的工作，我只能整天工作著。 兩周后我終于完成了這項(xiàng)工作。我認(rèn)識到掙錢是多么的不容易啊!

My Life in Summer Holiday

暑假生活

Good morning, my dear fellows.I am happy to see all of our classmates come back to school.I would like to

share my life in holiday with you.This summer holiday, I spent most of my time in playing, like watching TV, playing games, outing with friends and so on.But I also pay attention to my study.For example, I like watching the educational TV programs, so that I can both have fun and learn something new at the same time.Besides, I get up early to do some morning reading to practice my English.Of course, I finish my summer exercises on time.In short, my summer holiday is colorful and meaningful.How about your life in summer holiday?I am eager to know.

早上好，我親愛的同學(xué)們。我很高興看到所有的同學(xué)都返校了。我想要與大家分享我的假期生活。這個暑假，我花大部分的時間玩耍，比如看電視，玩游戲，和朋友出去玩等等。但是我也關(guān)心我的學(xué)習(xí)。比如說，我喜歡看教育電視節(jié)目，這樣我既可以得到樂趣又可以同時學(xué)到一些新的東西。除此之外，我早上起得很早進(jìn)行早讀以鍛煉我的英語。當(dāng)然，我也按時完成了暑假作業(yè)?？偸牵业氖罴俣嗖是腋挥幸饬x。你們的暑假生活是怎么樣的呢？我很想知道。

Tiger

老虎

A tiger is a kind of catamount animal. It looks like a cat, but much bigger than a cat.A tiger is very ferocious and it eats mainly meat.It has yellow and black streaks all over its body and it looks very beautiful.Its tail is long and strong and it can hit its quarry dying.

Tigers live in the thick forests and small animals in the forests are tigers' food.

During the past years, many forests have been cut down and the living conditions of the tigers are becoming worse and worse.There are fewer tigers left in the world now.Tigers are the animals of the world, and they should have their own living spaces.We must do our best to protect the tigers and their living environment.

老虎是貓科動物的一種，它看起來像貓卻比貓大很多。老虎非常兇猛，是肉食性動物。它全身是黑黃相間的斑紋，看起來非常漂亮。它的尾巴又長又有力，能夠打死它的獵物。

老虎生活在密林里，以森林中妁小動物為食。

在過去妁幾年中，許多森林被砍伐，這使者虎的生存環(huán)境越來越糟。現(xiàn)在世界上老虎的數(shù)量非常少。老虎是世界性妁動物，它們應(yīng)該有自己的生存空間。我們必須盡全力保護(hù)老虎和它們的生存環(huán)境。

Dont Watch Too Much TV

看電視別太多

Tom watched TV too late last night. He didn＇t go to bed until twelve.This morning he got up late. He hurried to school without breakfast.He got school at 8:20 and he was late for class.When his teacher asked him a

question in class,he couldn＇t answer it.AFter he came back home, he couldn＇t finish his homework.He felt very sorry and decided not to watch too much TV.

Last night Tom watched a TV play until after twelve.He got up late this morning.He had no time to have his breakfast and hurried to school.

When he got school, the first class had begun.He felt so sleepy that he got to sleep after a while.The teacher asked him to answer a question, but he couldn＇t.

After school he came back home, but he found it difficult to do his homework.He needed to have a good sleep at once.He felt very sorry and decided not to watch TV too late.

湯姆昨天晚上看電視太晚了，直到12：00他才去睡覺。今天早晨他起床也晚了，沒來得及吃早飯便急急忙忙上學(xué)去了。他8：20才到學(xué)校，上課遲到了。老師問他問題，他也答不上來?；氐郊?，作業(yè)不會做。他覺得很后悔，他決心不再看那么長時間的電視了。

昨天晚上湯姆看一部電視劇直到12：00多。今天早晨他起晚了。他沒有時間吃早飯就匆匆忙忙上學(xué)去了。

他到校時，第一節(jié)課已經(jīng)開始了。他覺得太困了，不一會兒他就睡著了。老師讓他回答問題，他不會。

放學(xué)后他回到家，但是他發(fā)現(xiàn)作業(yè)太難了。他只是困，需要馬上睡覺。他很后悔并下決心再不看電視看到那么晚了。

After Supper

晚飯后

After supper, my father leaves the table fight away and starts to water his dear flowers on the balcony every day.He takes his sprayer in his hand, appreciating their beauty and smelling their fragrance.Sometimes he smiles at the flowers, as if he is talking with them.Mom washes the dishes, cleans up the floor and at the same time singing Beijing Opera. Sometimes she stops to ask me how I do in my school.After supper, I play the piano for two hours.What a happy life we live.

每天吃完晚飯，爸爸就立即離開飯桌，到陽臺給他那些可愛的花兒澆水。他手里拿著噴壺,津津有味地欣賞著花的美麗，聞著花的芳香。有時他還對著花兒微笑，似乎在跟它們交談著什么。媽媽則一邊洗碗掃地一邊哼著京戲，有時停下采詢問一下我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的情況。晚飯后，我彈兩個小時的鋼琴。我們生活得多幸福呀。

The Color I Love Best

我最喜歡的顏色

Of all the colors, I love blue best.Blue is the color of sky and sea.When the sky is blue, we will feel happy to

have a nice day.Blue is also related to the sea.When we come to the seaside, the deep blue color will attract us much.I like swimming in the sea very much. It makes me feel free and happy.Blue can make us feel easy, cool us down when we are too anxious.It's a color of ration and calm.

所有的顏色中，我最喜歡藍(lán)色。藍(lán)色是天空和大海的顏色。碧藍(lán)的天空可以給我們帶來晴朗的一天。藍(lán)色還與海洋有關(guān)。當(dāng)我們來到海邊，那湛藍(lán)的海洋會讓我們流連忘返。我喜歡在海水中游泳的感覺，自由而快樂。藍(lán)色可以使我們感覺輕松，當(dāng)我們焦急的時候，它還可以平靜我們的心靈。藍(lán)色代表著理性和沉著。

My Family

我的一家

In my life, I am proud of having a happy family.I have a kind father, strict mother and a naught little brother.As most other families, there are laughs and tears at my home. My father is friendly to others.Our neighbors speak highly of him.Mother is strict to me and my little brother. She has high expectation to us, wanting us to have bright future.My little brother is a primary school student, but he doesn’t work very hard. All he wants is playing with his friends. It worries my parents a lot.But in general, we have more laughs than tears.I love my lovely family.

在我的生命中，我最自豪的就是有一個快樂的家。我有一個和藹的父親，嚴(yán)厲的母親和一個淘氣的弟弟。像其他大多數(shù)家庭一樣，我家也充滿著喜怒哀樂。我的爸爸對別人很有好，鄰居們對他的評價很高。媽媽對我和弟弟很嚴(yán)厲，希望我們能有一個光明的未來。我的弟弟是一名小學(xué)生，但他卻不怎么努力學(xué)習(xí)，他所想的就是和朋友們一起玩，這讓我的父母很操心。總的來說，我的家里是歡笑多于淚水。我愛我可愛的家。

THE NATIONAL FLAG

國旗

It is the duty of every citizen to honor the national flag.Why?Because the national flag is the symbol of a (the) country.To respect it means to respect the country.In other words, if a man loves his country, he must love the national flag.

In school, the national flag is usually raised at a certain time every day.Then the principal, teachers, staff and students are to (must) stand before it and sing the national anthem.It is indeed extremely meaningful to attend such a ceremony.

尊敬國旗是每個公民的責(zé)任（義務(wù)）。為什么？因?yàn)閲焓菄业南笳?。尊敬它意思就是尊敬國家。換句話說，如果一個人愛國，他必須愛國旗。

在學(xué)校里，通常每天定時要升旗。那時，校長，老師，教職員學(xué)生教師將恭敬地站在它前面并且唱國歌。參加此項(xiàng)儀式確實(shí)非常有意義。

Make Dumplings

包餃子

dumpling is a traditional chinese food.On the lunar new year' s day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings.To make them, follow this easy process.

The first step is to mix the flour with water.when the dough is ready, we can begin to make dumpling wrappers.we use a rolling pole to roll the dough into small, thin and round pieces so that they will be easy to cook.when the wrappers are done, it' s time to prepare the filling.Usually, we use meat such as beef or mutton, and some vegetables such as cabbage or carrots for filling.You may actually choose whatever you like to put into it.we must chop those things into small pieces.Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly.When all these preparations are done, we can start making dumplings.First put a spoonful of filling in the center of the wrapper.Then stick the two opposite sides together and then the rest.Don' t just cover the filling with the wrappers.The best shape of dumplings is that of a ship, because when they are boiling in the pan, they look like ships sailing in the sea.The smell can make your mouth water.

餃子是中國的傳統(tǒng)食物。在農(nóng)歷新年，大多數(shù)家庭都會包很多美味的餃子。要包成餃子，遵循以下那容易的步驟。

第一步就是把面粉和水和在一起。和好面之后，我們可以開始搟皮。我們使用一個滾動桿，把它揉成又薄又小的圓形面皮，這樣會比較容易煮。皮弄完后，就是弄餡的時候了。通常我們用肉(比如牛肉和羊肉)還有蔬菜(比如白菜和胡蘿卜)作餡。 你可能選擇任何你喜歡的餡包進(jìn)去。我們必須把這些東西剁小。然后放上鹽，油和其他調(diào)料攪拌它均勻。當(dāng)所有這些準(zhǔn)備工作都完成了,我們就可以開始包餃子了。首先放一勺餡在皮的中心。然后把兩個相反的兩邊粘在一起，然后就是其他的了。不只是只是把餡包在皮里面。餃子最好看的形狀是像一艘船，因?yàn)楫?dāng)它們在鍋里煮時，他們看起來就像是大海里的船只。它們的香味會讓你流口水。

Why Are Bicycles So Commonly Used in China

篇5

關(guān)鍵詞：語文素養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；提高

“全面提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)”是本次語文課程改革的基本理念之一。那么，如何才能提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)呢？我們應(yīng)在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語文興趣、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的閱讀習(xí)慣、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的寫作能力和口語交際能力等方面多下工夫。以上幾點(diǎn)是提高語文素養(yǎng)的關(guān)鍵。

一、領(lǐng)會與拓展求興趣

激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣的方法很多。其中利用電教手段通過多媒體對知識加以形象化、立體化的展示，會使得語文知識形象、逼真，從而更深地將知識多渠道、多形式、多側(cè)面?zhèn)鬏斀o學(xué)生。如我在教高爾基的《海燕》時，利用網(wǎng)上的資源，收集了海燕在海邊自由自在飛翔的圖片、搏擊風(fēng)云時的圖片以及其他海鳥的圖片，通過英勇無畏的海燕與懦弱可笑的海鴨企鵝的對比，讓學(xué)生理解海燕的英勇與樂觀。再配以或輕快的或凝重的音樂將散文的意境全盤托出，使學(xué)生在這種形象化的感知中加深了對海燕這一無產(chǎn)階級革命先驅(qū)者化身的理解，從而使學(xué)生更深地理解了文章，理解了“讓暴風(fēng)雨來得更猛烈些吧”一句所蘊(yùn)涵的激昂斗志。

二、思考與深究成習(xí)慣

1.及時糾正學(xué)生的閱讀偏差

不少中學(xué)生在閱讀文章時，只注意摘抄一些生動的名言警句和華美的片言只語，而忽略了對文章的整體把握，忽略對文章深刻而又豐富內(nèi)涵的挖掘。這種閱讀方向的偏差，極易造成學(xué)生在閱讀中對所需掌握知識的一知半解，把握不住文章深刻的思想內(nèi)容，失去了閱讀文章的目的，這不能不說是一種缺憾。作為語文教師有責(zé)任在閱讀方法的指導(dǎo)上，給予及時的糾正，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生走上正確的閱讀方向。

2.閱讀教學(xué)時引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行形象思維訓(xùn)練

如在教學(xué)課外美文訓(xùn)練《世間最美的墳?zāi)埂窌r，講到“樸素”之美，讓學(xué)生去想象，什么是樸素，生活中有哪些樸素的美。通過啟發(fā)學(xué)生思維想象，激發(fā)學(xué)生思考。通過啟發(fā)性思維，既幫助學(xué)生理解了文章的內(nèi)容，又提高了學(xué)生思維想象能力，培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生思考與領(lǐng)悟的精神。

3.閱讀教學(xué)要及時加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練

閱讀課文前，教師根據(jù)文章主旨、人物、情節(jié)、線索提出問題，讓學(xué)生讀后掩卷沉思，復(fù)述課文，既達(dá)到了鍛煉口頭表達(dá)能力，也達(dá)到了掌握課文要旨的目的。

三、表達(dá)與交流有成就

1.閱讀中鼓勵“插嘴”

課堂是活躍學(xué)生思維，鼓勵學(xué)生說話的基地。首先必須嚴(yán)格要求學(xué)生的說話習(xí)慣，使學(xué)生的表達(dá)更簡潔、清晰、完整。在此基礎(chǔ)上，教師要充分利用課堂，用多種方法調(diào)動學(xué)生說話的熱情。如教學(xué)《桃花源記》時，我問“如果你是漁人，出來之后你會怎么做？”學(xué)生就爭先恐后地回答：“我會守口如瓶，因?yàn)椤薄拔視R上稟報，說不上能升官發(fā)財”……大家發(fā)表了不同的見解，盡情地議論起來。之后，我又讓學(xué)生將自己的觀點(diǎn)寫成文章，不僅提高了學(xué)生口語交際能力，而且還提高了寫作水平。

2.寫作中鼓勵“交際”

在寫作課上，出了一個話題，我首先讓學(xué)生先講“怎樣去立意，怎樣去組織材料”，然后，讓其他學(xué)生對該生的觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行評價，講出好在何處，失在何方，再讓他們分成若干小組，進(jìn)行辯論，選代表發(fā)言，最后，自由發(fā)言，然后將討論結(jié)果形成文字。

總之，要提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)，就要在課堂教學(xué)中多下工夫，我相信功到自然成。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

篇6

I spent this summer vacation in quite a different way. I used to run about every day in previous summer vacations, but this summer vacation I simply could not afford to do so. I would soon be in the last year of my high-school education and would after graduation be up against the college entrance examinations.

Though those examinations were still a year away, I had to start early to make myself well prepared by reviewing all those things I had learned at school and this summer vacation was the ideal time for me to do this.

At first I was rather dismayed at the thought of this, but later I thought it was better this way because by working hard this summer I could count on endless happy summers to come.

With this in mind I then set to work like anything and only occasionally went out for a change or did some physical. I was not at all bored by this kind of life, for I was sustained by a hope.

[快樂暑假初三英語作文]：

篇7

The world because of had the woman, but appears particularly beautiful! The regards are only the short several lines, is actually a thick true meaning! Wishes the March Eighth to be joyful, is forever young attractively!

世界因?yàn)橛辛伺?，而顯得分外美麗!問候只是短短的幾行，卻是一個濃濃的真意!祝女生節(jié)快樂，永遠(yuǎn)年輕漂亮!

女生節(jié)祝福語2.

As soon as delivers you to tie the rose, flirts to express one's ideas depends upon it. Delivers you a peach blossom, a change in one's fortune from bad to good depends entirely on it. Delivers you a pallid to gather, hundred years good and count on it. After delivering you bowl of jellied bean curd to finish eating, laughed. March Eighth joyful.

送你一束玫瑰，傳情達(dá)意依靠它。送你一只桃花，時來運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)全靠它。送你一扎白合，百年好和指望它。送你一碗豆腐花吃完之后笑哈哈。女生節(jié)快樂.

女生節(jié)祝福語3.

1000 roses give you, wants you to love itself well; 1000 paper cranes give you, lets the worry be far away from you! 1000 ascendents give you, lets the good luck revolve you! The International Working Women's Day is joyful!

一千朵玫瑰給你，要你好好愛自己;一千只紙鶴給你，讓煩惱遠(yuǎn)離你!一千顆幸運(yùn)星給你，讓好運(yùn)圍繞著你!女生節(jié)快樂!

女生節(jié)祝福語4.

My shoulder is not very perhaps broad, but covers the wind and rain sufficiently for you; My arm is not very perhaps powerful, but can also support blue sky for you. The International Working Women's Day is joyful!

也許我的肩膀不夠?qū)拸V，但足以為你遮擋風(fēng)雨;也許我的胳膊不夠有力，但還能為你撐起一片藍(lán)天。女生節(jié)快樂!

萄香蕉紅蘋果，祝你想念有結(jié)果!蘿卜黃瓜大白菜，祝你天天有人愛!可樂清茶白開水，望你夜夜都好睡!女生節(jié)快樂!

我清爽，我俏皮，我是女生;我靚麗，我健美，我是女生;我青春，我陽光，我是女生;我快樂，我幸福，我是女生。三七女生節(jié)，請祝福我們吧!

校園的舞臺展示了你的風(fēng)采，操場的平臺發(fā)揮了你的潛能，教室的講臺體現(xiàn)了你的睿智，學(xué)習(xí)的成績體現(xiàn)了你的天才，愿你女生節(jié)，如花似玉綻放美麗。

篇8

My name is Gu shi long, I am eight years old. I study in Wei yang hu school. I am in Class one, Grade three.There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and me. I love them very much..

My favourite food is meat and my favourite colour is purple.

In my subjects, I like Chinese , English , Math, Information class and P.E.　 I like cartoon. Drawing, running and swimming are my hobbies.

I like to study. I think I am a good boy. Do you think so?

篇9

初三畢業(yè)英語作文（一）

There was a sad music in the church, a parting song, and the children in front of the Jesus prayers were praying silently... At this point, what are the children praying for? Why are they so serious? Because it's a graduation ceremony, because it's their last day here...

Look at these kids pious face, listening to this copy from rolia song, tears blurred, I can't help remember three years ago, our graduation......

In the scorching summer, cicada son calls became the only tune, and we in the classroom, only the hearts of the coming of the senior high school entrance examination is full of infinite tension and anxiety.

Every day, after a hurry to do what everyone needs to do, immediately turn into a stressful study. A white paper in our hands is constantly checking, instead of the past summer, our hands those cute little fan; an English listening test repeatedly play, instead of the past, we listened to pop music; one to ask, instead of the old days in the classroom frequently heard the sound of the dozen...... Everything was insignificant in the face of the coming exam.

It seemed to be a long time in the past, and suddenly, at that time, like a page that had been turned over, it had not been carefully read, and it was in a hurry. The sound of the June alarm sounded, and our atmosphere was more tense. All the years, anyhow, graduation ceremony will be open, always a day to let us present ah, write the students... But we didn't do anything at that time, the reason was very simple, and everyone thought it was not necessary.

In this way, we have a graduation exam, and we just want a good result on the exam. At the end of the last exam, we gathered together, and the teacher just said something about the exam results, and hurriedly took a photo of graduation, didn't say goodbye, didn't do many other things like other graduates, and graduated.

After the mid-term examination, I found that the so-called "victory" didn't bring much joy to me. I thought that if there's a good result, there will be a happy summer vacation. But in those days, I found that it was too boring, even though I wrote a lot of homework every day, but there was always less...

Once, I walked into a gift shop close to our school. The boss asked me if I was too dull to graduate this time. He said he led a lot of gifts, such as the gift of graduation, but there were not many people in our school. He also jokes that the people we are now are getting less and more human.

After that, I thought seriously about what the boss said, and I had to admit that he was right. At that time, we only care about the results of the exam, but we have ignored the classmates and teachers' feelings so long that only those scores are the only ones we want to pursue. If we were able to take a day to open a graduation ceremony and write to each other a communication address and contact, then our summer vacation would not be so boring. It's a pity that we didn't understand it at that time...

Maybe years later, when we turn over this page, we will find a blank place, a place that will never be filled out...

We didn't make mistakes three years ago. Today, we face the college entrance examination in an unhurried way, attend the graduation ceremony actively, and draw a successful conclusion for our senior high school life.

初三畢業(yè)英語作文（二）

In the last summer, we have to say goodbye and look back. These three years, there are happy, sad...

Thank the teacher for three years of hard education and training of us, to teachers, a sincere voice: "teacher, you are hard!" At this moment, recall have gone through three years of junior high school life, we can't restrain inner excited, strong regret and feelings also arise spontaneously.

Some people say that junior high school life is a hasty book. Three years ago, we walked into one of the most exciting and admired mood. In the past three years, we have felt her warmth and richness here. Three years of time, more than 1000 pages of anger and sorrow, this is so hurried, but it has left so many wonderful pieces to us. Among them, a young naughty and naive, a sentimental failure experience, mature feeling enlightened, also has a successful history of lead a person to endless aftertastes.

In three years, we grew up with one middle school, and here is our warm home. In this joyous family, we create brilliance again and again with diligence and wisdom. We weave this warm and beautiful junior high school life with dreams and youth. Here, let's thank our alma mater with gratitude, thank all the leaders of the school, thank our beloved teacher, thank our dear classmates, and send them our best wishes.

Our junior high school life is about to draw a full end, which will also be the horn we pursue at a higher level.

There is a saying: "the idea that daily at the moment." Now, we are faced with a major challenge in our learning career - the middle school exam. This is an unusual moment, and a solemn and hopeful moment. It may be difficult, but know that when we are in the most difficult time, it is time for us to be close to success. At that time, we have to prove to the world that "there is a talent for the Jiangshan generation, each of them has been coquettish for hundreds of years!"

There is no banquet in the world. After the exam, we may be different, but the parting is also beautiful, because it is the prelude to the gathering! At that time, we might cry, but don't care. This is the evidence of youth. It is it, let us have the memory, know how to cherish. In fact, parting is not terrible, the terrible thing is that we forget ourselves. Every moment, everyone needs to be the best. I believe that we will show by our actions that we are worthy of being the best graduates in the field. Let's continue to fight against storms and go forward and realize our dreams.

篇10

Saturday Nov. 15, 2003 Cloudy

My teacher gave me an assignment "experience life" last week. I had been thinking how to finish it because I had never done any thing by myself before.

Mother was out today. It was a good chance to complete the assignment. Seeing the barrel was empty, I decided to fetch water from the well.

I took the empty barrel and went towards the well outside the yard. It snowed yesterday, so the alley was very slippery. A layer of thickice was frozen on the platform of the well. I was frightened by the sight, but I gathered my courage to walk towards it.